What are the various devices attached to the hull that assist in the handling of the ship called?

The term used to describe the various devices attached to the hull that assist in the handling of the ship is "deck fittings." These fittings play a crucial role in managing the ship's lines and anchors, providing necessary points for securing mooring lines, and ensuring safe operation while at sea.

Deck fittings include a variety of components such as cleats, fairleads, chocks, and bitts. Each of these fittings serves a specific purpose, such as guiding lines to prevent wear, providing secure tie-off points for lines, and facilitating anchoring operations. By having these devices strategically placed on the hull, a ship can be maneuvered, secured, and controlled more effectively, which is essential for safe navigation and operations.

The other terms in the list—like hull attachments, marine fastenings, and ship controls—do not specifically address the functions served by deck fittings in handling and managing the vessel. Thus, recognizing the terminology and functions of deck fittings is key in understanding how ships are operated in practice.